Before engaging in detailed analysis regarding the project’s research questions, we ran general frequencies of SDPD stops to get a sense of overall trends. This helps us determine if our expected findings are likely to show up in the data and allows us to identify any trends we did not expect. The analysis includes:

General counts and percents of SDPD stops by key fields in RIPA data, e.g., stop reason, stop result, calls for service, race, age, searches, officer assignment.

General counts and percents of stops by Gang Suppression Unit and Special Operations Unit (if available) by key fields in RIPA data, e.g., stop reason, stop result, calls for service, race, age, searches.

Calls for Service versus Officer-initiated

Analysis cut by all unit types:

Stop Counts and Rates by Response to Service Call for All Units

Year

Assignment

Call for Service

Total

Count

Percent

Average Stop Time (Mins)

Median Stop Time (Mins)

Min Stop Time (Mins)

Max Stop Time (Mins)

Total Time (Mins)

2022

All units

No

86,632

79,416

91.7

27.4

10.0

1

1,440

2,173,760

2022

All units

Yes

86,632

7,216

8.3

59.3

30.0

1

1,220

428,183

Analysis filtered for gang suppression unit:

Stop Counts and Rates by Response to Service Call for Gang Suppression Unit

Year

Assignment

Call for Service

Total

Count

Percent

Average Stop Time (Mins)

Median Stop Time (Mins)

Min Stop Time (Mins)

Max Stop Time (Mins)

Total Time (Mins)

2022

Gang enforcement

No

420

397

94.5

29.3

15

1

300

11,613

2022

Gang enforcement

Yes

420

23

5.5

123.9

120

20

260

2,850

Total Officer-Intiated Stops Over Time

Total Count of Officer-Initiated Stops Over Time

Year

All Units Total

Gang Suppression Unit Total

2018

69,766

1,501

2019

142,663

3,263

2020

116,754

1,592

2021

104,561

643

2022

79,416

397

2023

21,578

95

Total Officer-Intiated Stops in 2022

Total and Rate of Stops by Patrol Assignment Type in 2022

Year

Patrol Assignment

Total

Count

Percent

2022

Patrol, traffic enforcement, field operations

79,416

77,386

97.4

2022

Other

79,416

1,121

1.4

2022

Gang enforcement

79,416

397

0.5

2022

Investigative/detective

79,416

304

0.4

2022

Narcotics/vice

79,416

108

0.1

2022

Special events

79,416

45

0.1

2022

K1-12 public school inlcuding school resource officer or school police officer

79,416

43

0.1

2022

Task force

79,416

10

0.0

2022

Compliance check

79,416

2

0.0

Stop Reason and Rersults

Stops by stop reason

Total and Rate of Officer-Initiated Stops by Stop Reason

Year

Assignment

Reason for stop

Total

Count

Percent

2022

All units

Traffic Violation

90,777

48,926

53.9

2022

All units

Reasonable Suspicion

90,777

39,019

43.0

2022

All units

Knowledge of outstanding arrest warrant/wanted person

90,777

1,281

1.4

2022

All units

Investigation to determine whether the person was truant

90,777

734

0.8

2022

All units

Known to be on Parole / Probation / PRCS / Mandatory Supervision

90,777

553

0.6

2022

All units

Consensual Encounter resulting in a search

90,777

262

0.3

2022

All units

Determine whether the student violated school policy

90,777

2

0.0

2022

Gang enforcement

Traffic Violation

489

341

69.7

2022

Gang enforcement

Reasonable Suspicion

489

119

24.3

2022

Gang enforcement

Knowledge of outstanding arrest warrant/wanted person

489

16

3.3

2022

Gang enforcement

Known to be on Parole / Probation / PRCS / Mandatory Supervision

489

6

1.2

2022

Gang enforcement

Investigation to determine whether the person was truant

489

4

0.8

2022

Gang enforcement

Consensual Encounter resulting in a search

489

3

0.6

Stops by stop result

Total and Rate of Officer-Initiated Stops by Stop Result

Year

Assignment

Result of Stop

Total

Count

Percent

2022

All units

Citation for infraction

95,543

26,229

27.5

2022

All units

Warning (verbal or written)

95,543

24,643

25.8

2022

All units

Field interview card completed

95,543

12,377

13.0

2022

All units

Custodial Arrest without warrant

95,543

10,317

10.8

2022

All units

No Action

95,543

9,129

9.6

2022

All units

Custodial Arrest pursuant to outstanding warrant

95,543

4,172

4.4

2022

All units

Psychiatric hold

95,543

3,793

4.0

2022

All units

In-field cite and release

95,543

3,136

3.3

2022

All units

Noncriminal transport or caretaking transport

95,543

1,410

1.5

2022

All units

Contacted parent/legal guardian or other person responsible for the minor

95,543

330

0.3

2022

All units

Contacted U.S. Department of Homeland Security

95,543

3

0.0

2022

All units

Referral to school administrator

95,543

3

0.0

2022

All units

Referral to school counselor or other support staff

95,543

1

0.0

2022

Gang enforcement

Field interview card completed

500

201

40.2

2022

Gang enforcement

Warning (verbal or written)

500

103

20.6

2022

Gang enforcement

Custodial Arrest without warrant

500

62

12.4

2022

Gang enforcement

No Action

500

51

10.2

2022

Gang enforcement

Citation for infraction

500

36

7.2

2022

Gang enforcement

Custodial Arrest pursuant to outstanding warrant

500

21

4.2

2022

Gang enforcement

Psychiatric hold

500

17

3.4

2022

Gang enforcement

In-field cite and release

500

7

1.4

2022

Gang enforcement

Contacted parent/legal guardian or other person responsible for the minor

500

2

0.4

Hit Rates

Demographics of Stops

Stops by age

Note that the numbers might be slightly inflated because there are some people that are indicated as having more than 1 perceived age. But for the purposes of this descriptive analysis we want to see general trends and are OK with some duplicates for the time being.

Total and Rate of Officer-Initiated Stops by Age Group

Year

Assignment

Age

Total

Count

Percent

2022

All units

18 and under

88,099

3,293

3.7

2022

All units

19-24

88,099

10,738

12.2

2022

All units

25-34

88,099

28,760

32.6

2022

All units

35-44

88,099

20,691

23.5

2022

All units

45-54

88,099

13,769

15.6

2022

All units

55-64

88,099

7,846

8.9

2022

All units

65 and older

88,099

3,002

3.4

2022

Gang enforcement

18 and under

484

48

9.9

2022

Gang enforcement

19-24

484

88

18.2

2022

Gang enforcement

25-34

484

174

36.0

2022

Gang enforcement

35-44

484

95

19.6

2022

Gang enforcement

45-54

484

41

8.5

2022

Gang enforcement

55-64

484

25

5.2

2022

Gang enforcement

65 and older

484

13

2.7

Stops by race

Total and Rate of Officer-Initiated Stops by Race

Year

Assignment

Race

Total

Count

Percent

2022

All units

nh_white

88,099

32,133

36.5

2022

All units

latinx

88,099

30,234

34.3

2022

All units

nh_black

88,099

16,874

19.2

2022

All units

nh_asian

88,099

4,603

5.2

2022

All units

mesa

88,099

3,051

3.5

2022

All units

nhpi

88,099

870

1.0

2022

All units

nh_twoormor

88,099

513

0.6

2022

All units

aian

88,099

227

0.3

2022

Gang enforcement

latinx

484

194

40.1

2022

Gang enforcement

nh_black

484

157

32.4

2022

Gang enforcement

nh_white

484

89

18.4

2022

Gang enforcement

nh_asian

484

33

6.8

2022

Gang enforcement

mesa

484

7

1.4

2022

Gang enforcement

aian

484

3

0.6

2022

Gang enforcement

nh_twoormor

484

1

0.2

2022

Gang enforcement

nhpi

484

0

0.0

Map

Map of stop counts by police beat and for Gang Suppression Unit/Special Operations Unit.